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the cause of tapering & notching of maxillary incisor in congenital syphilis can be explained on the basis of
A. Incrase in heterogenous nucleation during mineralization
B. Absent calcification centres.
C. Persistence of cell rests of malasezz
D. Increase in phospholipids binding of calcium during mineralization
The most common malignancy of bone is_______________
The dental lamina is induced to proliferate into a tooth bud by the:
The tissue least susceptible to radiation damage is
Lymphoid tissue
Connective tissue
Nerve tissue
nucleic acids
In an edentulous patient, when the teeth of maxillary and mandibular complete dentures are in contact coincidental with centric relation, the face height is called:
interocclusal distance.
physiologic rest position.
vertical dimension of occlusion.
free way space.
closest speaking space.
Centric relation is:
the jaw position where the contacting surfaces of the teeth fit together.
the rotational center of a tooth.
A strained, unnatural jaw position.
the relationship of an opposing cusp in the central fossa of a tooth.
none of the above.
This 65-year-old farmer presented for examination and treatment of this lesion on his face. He said he noticed it first about 6 months previously and that it was painless, but that it had steadily increased in size. The biopsy report indicated that epithelial cells were dysplastic, but
(heterogeneous in size and shape, increased nuclear size and with hyper chromatin confined to the basement membrane. The final diagnosis is:
A. basal cell carcinoma.
B. chancre.
C. squamous cell carcinoma.
D. Keratoacanthoma
E. Actinic Keratosis
This 44-year-old man presented for diagnosis and treatment of this solitary, painless lip lesion.He stated that the lesion had been present for about 2 months and had increased in size very rapidly. The remainder of the examination was unremarkable. The patient was lost to follow-up for a while. He was seen again 6 months later and related that the lesion had started to regress shortly after his initial visit. In summary, the lesion completely disappeared without treatment whatsoever. The lesion is most likely:
A. squamous cell carcinoma.
B. keratoacanthoma.
C. a persistent traumatic ulcer.
D. a chancre.
E. a gumma.
This 38-year-old woman presented for treatment of this painless, firm, large mass in the region of the left ear. The patient stated that it had been present for at least one-and-a-half years and was slowly becoming larger. The SKIN could be freely moved over the mass, but the mass could not be
moved over the deeper structures. This mass is mostly likely:
A. a retrograde bacterial infection of the parotid gland
B. pleomorphic adenoma.
C. a fibrosed sebaceous cyst.
D. chronic sialadenitis of the parotid gland.
E. lymphadenitis.
This 58-year-old patient presented with the chief complaint of dry mouth and burning eyes. The parotid swellings in this case were most likely:
A. a feature of Sjogren's syndrome.
B. chronic viral parotitis.
C. sialadenitis secondary to sialoliths.
D. Sjogren's Syndrome
E. a feature of Mikulicz's syndrome.
This 60-year-old patient presented for treatment of the mass in the area of the parotid. He had noticed the painless mass for the first time about 2 years previously and thought that it was slowly enlarging. The mass was firm and smoothly contoured and was about 3.5 cm in diameter. The SKIN could be freely moved over it. This mass is <I>most</I> likely:
A. a sebaceous cyst.
B. lymphadenitis of a cervical node.
C. pleomorphic adenoma.
D. sialadenitis.
E. lymphoma
Two year previously this 55-year-old man underwent a partial resection of the left side of the
tongue. He now presents with a very firm, painless, fixed mass in the left neck. The diagnosis of
the neck mass is most likely:
A. lymphoma.
B. actinomycosis.
C. metastatic squamous cell carcinoma.
D. a brachial cleft cyst
E. a space infection.
This 60-year-old patient presented for treatment of the mass in the area of the parotid. He had
noticed the painless mass for the first time about 2 years previously and thought that it was slowlyenlarging. The mass was firm and smoothly contoured and was about 3.5 cm in diameter. The SKIN could be freely moved over it. This mass is most likely:
A. a sebaceous cyst.
B. lymphadenitis of a cervical node.
C. pleomorphic adenoma.
D. sialadenitis.
E. lymphoma.
This 58-year-old patient presented with the chief complaint of dry mouth and burning eyes.The parotid swellings in this case were most likely:
A. a feature of Sjogren's syndrome.
B. chronic viral parotitis.
C. sialadenitis secondary to sialoliths.
D. Sjogren's Syndrome
E. a feature of Mikulicz's syndrome.
This 38-year-old woman presented for treatment of this painless, firm, large mass in the region of the left ear. The patient stated that it had been present for at least one-and-a-half years and was slowly becoming larger. The SKIN could be freely moved over the mass, but the mass could not be
moved over the deeper structures. This mass is <I>mostly</I> likely:
A. a retrograde bacterial infection of the parotid gland
B. pleomorphic adenoma.
C. a fibrosed sebaceous cyst.
D. chronic sialadenitis of the parotid gland.
E. lymphadenitis.
When this nervous, 46-year-old woman presented for a periodic dental examination, this asymptomatic white condition was found on both buccal mucosa and on the lateral borders of the tongue. The white material could not be scraped off. The patient was unaware of the condition. She denied taking drugs or medication of any kind but admitted to smoking one pack of cigarettes a day and social alcohol consumption. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. leukoplakia.
B. lichen planus.
C. leukoedema.
D. ectopic geographic tongue.
E. hypertrophic candidiasis.
Diagnostic radiological features of fluorosis include
a. Generalised increase in bone density
b. Cortical thickening
c. Ossification of ligamentous musculotendenious attachments
d. All of the above
A 78 year old woman presents with massive facial swelling that developed over a 24-hour period. A dental history revealed that mandibular left second molar was restored uneventfully six months ago, and medical history was unremarkable. Clinical examination revealed bilateral submandibular swelling, an altered voice, excessive trismus, and a raised floor of mouth. What is likely the most serious problem for the patient?
1. periocoronitis
2. carcinoma
3. abscessed tooth
4. asthma
5. Ludwig's angina
What should the dentist do to help the 78 year-old woman?
1. prescribe antibiotics and analgesics and follow-up in 72 hours
2. immediately extract the offending tooth under local anaesthesia
3. perform root canal treatment on the offending tooth with copious sodium hypochloride irrigation
4. do nothing except reassure the patient everything will be fine
5. quickly refer the patient to an oral surgeon or to the nearest hospital for further examination and definitive treatment
Using the standard inferior alveolar nerve block, the needle usually penetrates which muscle?
1. masseter
2. medial pterygoid
3. lateral pterygoid
4. buccinator
5. superior pharyngeal constrictor
The escapement spaces between teeth and the interdental spaces are called:
marginal ridges.
contact areas.
embrasures.
developmental grooves.
sulci.
After administering a right inferior alveolar nerve block, the right side of the patient's face begins to droop, and she complains of difficulty closing her right eye. Where was the anesthetic solution most likely deposited?
1. buccal space
2. pterygomandibular space
3. parotid salivary gland
4. parapharyngeal space
Five minutes after injection of local anesthetic, the patient experiences flushed SKIN, swelling of the tongue and nose, and complains of difficulty breathing? What should the dentist do first?
1. Have someone in the office call for medical aid.
2. Place the patient in a supine position.
3. Make certain airway is patent.
4. Administer oxygen.
5. Check for presence of pulse and respiration.
While waiting for medical help to arrive, the same patient begins to wheeze. What drug should the dentist administer?
During repair, tissue that has undergone coagulation necrosis is removed primarily by:
autolysis.
foreign body giant cells
neutrophils.
macrophages.
eosinophils.
Which of the following drugs is often administered intravenously to treat life-threatening ventricular arrythmias?
Quinidine
Lidocaine
Verapamil
Propranolol
Epinephrine
In CD construction F & V sounds r used to determine the ......
in edentulous pts has TORUS PLATINUS rerlief is provided at what stage.....
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